As it was in the United States, 2021 was a year more than moved in Latin America.
Aquí te dejamos una lista de los cincho hechos que marcaron el 2021 en Latinoamérica.
1. Assassination of the President of Haiti
The murder of Jovenel Moïse was an assassination that took place on July 7, 2021, around 01:00 a.m. (local time) in Pétion-Ville. The then-president of Haiti was in his house when a group of armed men assassinated him.
Moïse’s wife, First Lady Martine Moïse, survived the attack and was hospitalized. She was evacuated to South Florida, United States.
2. Protests in Cuba
On Sunday, July 11, in Cuba, citizens began a series of peaceful protests that are still continuing. The people showed that they are not afraid of the dictatorship.
Díaz-Canel’s response was to block social networks, and on the edge of July 11: persecute, detain and disappear the Cubans.
Cubans on the island continued to demonstrate peacefully for several more days.
3. Triumphs of Pedro Castillo in Peru and Gabriel Boric in Chile
The government of President Pedro Castillo in Peru began on July 28, 2021 after his swearing in as head of state, a position he acceded to after his victory in the general elections of that same year.
On July 21, 2021, two days after being proclaimed president-elect by the National Elections Jury, Castillo and the vice-president-elect Dina Boluarte met with the outgoing Peruvian president Francisco Sagasti at the Government Palace.
After their meeting, he participated together with Alejandro Neyra, outgoing Minister of Culture, in the presentation event of the «Cajamarca Brand», his first official activity as president-elect.
On July 23, in a face-to-face ceremony held at the headquarters of the Ministry of Culture located in the district of San Borja (Lima), Castillo and Boluarte received their credentials as president and vice president.14 15
The presidential inauguration was held on Wednesday, July 28, 2021, the date on which National Holidays are celebrated annually, in the Legislative Palace.
Boric
Chile’s presidential election for the period 2022-2026 was held on November 21, 2021, in conjunction with the elections for deputies, senators and the elections for regional councilors; The second electoral round, meanwhile, took place on December 19, 2021.
For these elections, the Agreements Approve Dignity and Chile Vamos registered legal primaries to define their presidential candidates. These primaries, which were originally to take place on July 4, 16 were held on July 18, 2021. Chile’s presidential election for the period 2022-2026 was held on November 21, 2021, in conjunction with the elections. of deputies, senators and the elections of regional councilors; The second electoral round, meanwhile, took place on December 19, 2021.
For these elections, the Agreements Approve Dignity and Chile Vamos registered legal primaries to define their presidential candidates. These primaries, which were originally to take place on July 4, 16 were held on July 18, 2021.
Gabriel Boric Font (Punta Arenas, February 11, 1986) is a Chilean politician. He currently serves as a deputy of the Republic representing the Magallanes Region and the Chilean Antarctic. He is the elected president of Chile, a position he will assume on March 11, 2022.
4. Migration crisis
Reporta CNN que a mediados de 2020, los migrantes internacionales representaban el 2,6% de la población total de América del Sur, un aumento significativo de menos del 1% registrado en 2015, según la Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM).
Casi el 80% de ellos se originaron en algún otro lugar de América del Sur y muchos ahora están en movimiento debido a las posiciones cada vez más duras sobre la inmigración en varios países, y porque la pandemia ha exacerbado las ya difíciles condiciones de vida y ha escaseado los trabajos.
Entre 2000 y 2017, varios líderes sudamericanos, incluidos presidentes de Argentina, Chile, Ecuador y Bolivia, presionaron por leyes de inmigración más progresistas que facilitaran a los migrantes cruzar fronteras, trabajar legalmente y obtener visas de residencia. Pero la tendencia en la política se ha revertido desde entonces, y las restricciones al movimiento están ganando impulso.
En Argentina, por ejemplo, el principal destino de los migrantes en América del Sur, el entonces presidente Mauricio Macri aprobó un decreto de 2017 para limitar la entrada de inmigrantes y facilitar la deportación, lo que provocó duras críticas por parte de las Naciones Unidas. En Chile, el presidente Sebastián Piñera también endureció las políticas migratorias.
5. The Venezuelan exodus
Venezuelans are central to the current humanitarian crisis in the region. Since Nicolás Maduro took power nearly a decade ago, political turmoil and the downturn in the economy have led Venezuela to collapse. Hyperinflation, power outages, shortages of food, water, and essential medicines, as well as political persecution, have pushed more than five million Venezuelans to leave their country, according to the IOM, of which 79% have moved. to other nations of South America.
Venezuelan migration started with highly skilled professionals, who had the means to travel and settle in other countries without much trouble but have increasingly included poor working-class people. Experts say that the volume of this emigration is comparable to the Syrian refugee crisis.
